On this site in 1861 - 65 the William R. Distillery met a wartime need in Texas. May 28, 1862, Governor Francis R. Lubbock closed all Texas distilleries, to save grain. Army calls for medicinal liquor (for opiate and stimulant purposes) soon caused him to order a few, including Alexander’s, re-opened. In drastic medical shortages, Texans throughout the Civil War gave such help as they could. Bandages, sewing silk, lint, polk weed, peach bark, barilla and other home medical aids went to various military units.
Location: Center Circle on Salado Creek near Twelve Oaks, Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Built 1860 at edge of an old Indian campground, by James B. Anderson, one of town’s founders and a school trustee in Salado. Community leaders, lawyers and doctors have lived here. Boarding here in 1883 while a student at old Salado College was James E. Ferguson, 1915-1917 governor of Texas--and husband of the first women governor. Under paneling are cedar walls. Window glass is hand blown.
Location: Main Street, Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Dr. David H. Armstrong, who served as one of the trustees of the Salado Public Free Schools, and his wife Julia, built this home between 1869 and 1872. It later became the residence of a succession of Salado doctors, including Dr. D.G. Adams and Dr. J.E. Guthrie. The central cottage plan residence features elements of the Greek Revival style, such as the classical portico with Doric piers over the entryway. Location: Main and Thomas Arnold Rd., Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Home of Wellborn Barton Pioneer physician of this region: for many years a trustee of Salado College. Built 1866 (John Hendrickson, contractor). Old military and Chisholm Trail passed here.
Location: Main Street, Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Medallion Only, No Inscription--The W.R. Berry home was built in 1870 by J.W. Vickrey out of slave-cut rock blocks, the walls being 20 inches thick. It was two stories high. At the turn of the century the rock on three quarters of the house, but not the foundation, was removed to be used on some of Mr. Berry’s buildings, the most notable being the Salado Bank, which was built exclusively with rock from the W.R. Berry residence. The remaining rock walls were extended to the one story cypress house now in use.
Location: Main Street
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Great-granddaughter of builders. Daughter of Thomas S. and Mary Elizabeth (Robertson) Sutherland. First women vice president of student body, University of Texas. Married Leslie Carpenter: has two children. In 1954 was president Women’s National Press Club. First women ever to serve as executive assistant to the vice president of the United State, 1961. First newswoman to be staff director and press secretary to first lady, Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson. Location: 3/4 mi. SW of Salado Post Office, Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Moses H. Denman built cabin 1867 (15 mi. NW), of hand-hewn, square cedar logs joined by wooden pegs; has fireplace of native stone; restored 1955.
Location: Behind Salado Civic Center
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Built in 1872, by Edward R.A. Buckles, this I-plan vernacular house exhibits classical and Victorian detailing. Its two-story gallery features Doric columns on the ground level, which contrasts with the Victorian turned wood columns and balusters located above.
Location: Main Street at Thomas Arnold Road
Information from "History of Salado, Texas" compiled by MaryBelle Brown and Bill Kinnison
Built by Col. E.S.C. Robertson and wife, Mary Elizabeth (Dickey). Rare ante-bellum plantation complex, comprising home, servants quarters, land, family cemetery, stables. Still a working ranch. The house, occupied by fifth generation of Robertsons, is an example of Classical Revival style. Shows Palladian influence in its recessed porches and gallery rooms forming terminal pavilions balancing a central gabled portico.
Location: 3/4 miles SW of Salado Post Office, Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Built in 1870-72, this structure typifies the Greek Revival style with its symmetrical facade. The residence was constructed for former confederate officer Archibald Johnson Rose (1830-1903) and his large family. A prosperous farmer, Rose participated in state and community activities. He was a leader in the Grange movement and in efforts to improve the quality of education. Members of the Rose family owned this house for over 100 years.
Location: Wm. Rose Way at Royal St., Salado
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Built in 1871 on land platted in the original town of Salado, the house is named for its two most prominent occupants: John Hendrickson, a master stone and brick mason; and William Jefferson Caskey, an active civic leader. John Hendrickson moved to Salado in 1866 after he formalized the entire construction of the first Texas State Capitol 1852-53 and General Land Office 1856. Apparently drawn to Salado for construction of Salado College, he also built the Barton House in 1866, Twelve Oaks in 1867-69, and assisted in the construction of the wire cable suspension foot bridge over Salado Creek in 1870.
In 1875 John Coffey Caskey served as justice of the peace and county commissioner, traded in real estate and helped develop good farming methods in the county. In 1882, his son, William J. Caskey and wife, Sarah, moved to Salado for their children’s education at Salado College. William was active in establishing Thomas Arnold High School, a member of the Salado Grange No. 1 (Patrons of Husbandry), and a Mason in the Salado Masonic Lodge. The First Baptist Church of Salado purchased the property for their first parsonage. The church owned the property until 1924. The House was subsequently owned by five more parties. It is completely restored and placed on the National Register Historic Places in 1995.
Home of ORVILLE THOMAS TYLER 1810 . . . 1856 Pioneer Texan--County Judge--member of the Legislature-President of the board of trustees of Salado College. Built in 1857 and one of the first houses built in Salado. It is on Main St. next to the First Baptist Church. Marker erected by the State of Texas 1936.
Founded in March 1859, this congregation first met in a brush arbor on the north bank of Salado Creek. The first two elders were James Anderson and J.W. Vickrey, both of whom were instrumental in the organization of Salado College. A frame sanctuary, erected on North Main Street in 1875 was destroyed by fire in 1908. A second frame structure served the congregation until 1961, when it was replaced by a brick sanctuary. A new building was erected in 1988. This church has served the people of Salado for over a century.
Gushing limestone springs, abundant fish, flowers and trees have made the banks of Salado Creek a good home site. Indians camped beside stream; Spanish explorers names it: the first Anglo-American settler was Archibald Willingham, 1851 College and town of Salado were built on creek, 1860. Stream once had 8 mills, thus was county industrial center. Chisholm Cattle Trail crossed it, as did Dallas--San Antonio stage line. The 35 - mile creek is one of many which rise at the Balcones Fault - an outstanding North American region of springs.
Information from "Texas Historical Markers of Bell County" compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Building erected in 1890 for a congregation organized 1854 at a site on Salado Creek. Circuit riders serving congregation included the Rev. J.E. Ferguson, father of a Texas Governor. Building committee for this church: J.L. Baily, W.H. Cawthon, J.M. Porter, Charlie Bailey, and Wallie Harkey drove wagon to haul the lumber from Austin about 50 miles to the south. Original members’ families still worship here.
Located: Royal Street, Salado
Information from "Texas Historical Markers of Bell County" compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Constructed during the 1860s, the Stagecoach Inn was known as Salado Hotel and as Shady Villa before the current name was adopted in 1943. Military figures George Armstrong Custer and Robert E. Lee, and cattle baron Shanghai Pierce are among those thought to have stayed here. A good example of Frontier Vernacular architecture, the Stagecoach Inn features a two-story galleried porch with a second-story balustrade.
Location: Main Street, Salado.
Information from “Texas Historical Markers of Bell County” compiled by Susan and Ray Lanford
Possibly the most important non-residential structure in Salado was Salado College (archeological site #41BL241), which was built about 1861. I t now exists only as ruins on a h i l l just south of the creek. The building originally stood two stories t a l l , with the main entrance facing south. The west wall and the northeast comer of the east wall are a l l that survive, and both are i n deteriorated condition amid piles of stone rubble. Examination of the remains, however, reveals a surprising sophistication in the construction of the stone walls, which were once plastered with a lime mortar and scored to emulate smooth, precise ashlar courses. Originally topping the two-story walls was a pronounced cornice with carved-stone molding just beneath the eaves of the roofline. Location: South Main Street
Built in 1878, this building is the top half of the original First Baptist Church. The church met on the first floor and the lodge met on the second floor. It was sawed off and moved to Church St. where it is Masonic Lodge 296 AF&AM. The lodge was formed June 13, 1867 and has been active ever since. The building is on the National Registry of Historic Places (1983).
Dr. D. B. McKie turned to native limestone when he built his ell-plan, Greek Revival residence on the east bank of Salado Creek. Stone mason "Whiskey Jack" Hendrickson used hand-tooled, roughhewn limestone blocks quarried from a site near the creek in the construction of the house. Nestled in a grove of oaks, whence the name Twelve Oaks, the house features a symmetrical, three-bay front with dressed limestone quoins, double-hung windows with six over-six lights, and a central, double-door entrance with transom and sidelights.
After a series of revival meetings in the Salado College Chapel, the Baptist who gathered there on May 28, 1864, organized the Salado Baptist Church of Christ. Among the small group of eleven charter members was Jas. L. Smith, a professor at the Salado College. In 1878, O.T. Tyler donated the land and the growing congregation built a two-story church building jointly with the Masonic Lodge on the north bank of Salado Creek near Main Street. The church met on the first floor and the lodge met on the second floor. In 1962, the congregation built a new church and dismantled the original building. The upper half was literally sawed off and moved to its current location on Church St. where the lodge continues to meet. The lower half was torn down. In 1879, they placed the bell tower in the cupola of the church. In 1964, they dedicated a new bell tower for former pastor, Rev. G.W. Baines. In addition to the Texas Historical Commission Marker placed in 2000 for the church, two other markers are at the church: Louisa Adeline (Addie) Barton, missionary to Mexico: and Kate and Zachary Taylor, missionaries to Brazil.
Information from “History of Salado, Texas” complied by MaryBelle Brown and Bill Kinnison
James M. G. Davis, a prominent merchant who came from Alabama, built his house in 1874. This frame vernacular house was originally a double-pin dog run, typical of the architecture of this era. The Davis’ daughter, Felda Davis Shanklin, a graduate of Thomas Arnold High School, wrote a history of the people of Salado prized by local historians. The house, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (1983) does not have a marker visible. The house is on Pace Park Road (first house on left) on the north side of the creek.
(Lenticular Truss Bridge) One of many patented truss designs developed by American inventors and engineers in the mid- to late-19th century, this 87-foot lenticular truss bridge represents an unusual truss type in the United States. The lenticular design features a curved top and bottom chord which forms a lens shape. Texas acquired at least a dozen truss bridges in the late 19th century. Four lenticular truss bridges were built in this area for $16,500 in 1889. This bridge originally was located across Cowhouse Creek and later was moved to Dodd's Creek. In 1990 the Texas Historical Commission and the Texas Department of Transportation identified eight lenticular truss bridges surviving in Texas. Four of the spans were located in San Antonio; the other four were positioned on out-of-service roadways. The only examples of this rare bridge type west of the Mississippi, they are recognized as historically significant engineering structures. The Dodd's Creek bridge was moved to this site in 1997 to improve the flow of traffic, protect pedestrians and enhance the Salado Historic District. (2000). Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.
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